International relations developed as a discipline during nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The term was first used by Jeremy Bentham. After the Second World War the interdependence among world sovereign nations grown rapidly both in terms of economic and political relations. As a result the importance of international relations have gained immense importance in contemporary times – both as a ‘condition’ and as a ‘discipline’. for example, as a ‘condition’ it refers to the fact of international life which means the actual conduct of relations among nations through diplomacy based on foreign policy apart from cooperation, conflict and war. As a ‘discipline’ international relations should treat them in a systematic and scientific manner.
MEANING OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
International relations is that branch of political science which is concerned with relations between nations and primarily with foreign policies. According to Quincy Wright, the official relations between the sovereign countries are described as international relations. In other words, international relations should focus on the study of all relations – political, economic, diplomatic and academic among sovereign nations. Palmer and Perkins are of the opinion that although international relations have emerged from its earlier status as a poor relation of political science and history, it is still far from being a well organiased discipline. Alferd Zimmern opined that the international relations is not a single subject but rather a bundle of subjects of law, economics, political science, geography and so on. E.H Carr had described international relations as “markedly and frankly utopian”. Hartman defined international relations as a field of study which focuses upon the “processes by which states adjust their national interest to those of other states”.
CHANGING NATURE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
After the Second World War the nature and context of international relations has changed in varied ways. Earlier the world politics was centred mainly on Europe and there was the presence of an element of secrecy among nationstates, while conducting treaties and establishing foreign offices. But in contemporary times the situation has changed, the foreign policies of all the nation-states are open and public opinion plays an important and decisive role in the formulation of the policies of a particular country. Apart from this, there are other factors that have led in the changing scenario of international relations; for example, decolonisation has led to the emergence of new sovereign nations, who voice their concerns at international platforms; secondly, disintegration of Soviet Union has led to the increasing number of membership in the United Nations, thirdly, revolution in the area of communication and travelling has made the world one small village as the head of the State and Government along with their foreign ministers can meet at one place within few hours to discuss in detail their foreign relations, fourthly, in the light of a rapidly shifting international landscape, new forms of cooperation involving more actors (non-state actors) have become increasingly important like MNCs, confederations, alliances, international organisations etc.
After the Second World War the nature and context of international relations has changed in varied ways:
Earlier the world politics was centred mainly on Europe and there was the presence of an element of secrecy among nation-states, while conducting treaties and establishing foreign offices. But in contemporary times the situation has changed, the foreign policies of all the nation-states are open and public opinion plays an important and decisive role in the formulation of the policies of a particular country.
Earlier the world politics was centred mainly on Europe and there was the presence of an element of secrecy among nation-states, while conducting treaties and establishing foreign offices. But in contemporary times the situation has changed, the foreign policies of all the nation-states are open and public opinion plays an important and decisive role in the formulation of the policies of a particular country
Disintegration of Soviet Union has led to the increasing number of membership in the United Nations. Some of the very small countries like Nauru may have no power but they have an equal voice in the General Assembly.
Revolution in the area of communication and travelling has made the world one small village as the head of the state and government along with their foreign ministers can meet at one place within few hours to discuss in detail their foreign relations.
Revolution in the area of communication and travelling has made the world one small village as the head of the state and government along with their foreign ministers can meet at one place within few hours to discuss in detail their foreign relations.
International relations developed as a discipline during nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The term was first used by Jeremy Bentham. After the Second World War the interdependence among world sovereign nations grown rapidly both in terms of economic and political relations. As a result the importance of international relations have gained immense importance in contemporary times – both as a ‘condition’ and as a ‘discipline’. for example, as a ‘condition’ it refers to the fact of international life which means the actual conduct of relations among nations through diplomacy based on foreign policy apart from cooperation, conflict and war. As a ‘discipline’ international relations should treat them in a systematic and scientific manner.
MEANING OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
International relations is that branch of political science which is concerned with relations between nations and primarily with foreign policies. According to Quincy Wright, the official relations between the sovereign countries are described as international relations. In other words, international relations should focus on the study of all relations – political, economic, diplomatic and academic among sovereign nations. Palmer and Perkins are of the opinion that although international relations have emerged from its earlier status as a poor relation of political science and history, it is still far from being a well organiased discipline. Alferd Zimmern opined that the international relations is not a single subject but rather a bundle of subjects of law, economics, political science, geography and so on. E.H Carr had described international relations as “markedly and frankly utopian”. Hartman defined international relations as a field of study which focuses upon the “processes by which states adjust their national interest to those of other states”.
CHANGING NATURE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
After the Second World War the nature and context of international relations has changed in varied ways. Earlier the world politics was centred mainly on Europe and there was the presence of an element of secrecy among nationstates, while conducting treaties and establishing foreign offices. But in contemporary times the situation has changed, the foreign policies of all the nation-states are open and public opinion plays an important and decisive role in the formulation of the policies of a particular country. Apart from this, there are other factors that have led in the changing scenario of international relations; for example, decolonisation has led to the emergence of new sovereign nations, who voice their concerns at international platforms; secondly, disintegration of Soviet Union has led to the increasing number of membership in the United Nations, thirdly, revolution in the area of communication and travelling has made the world one small village as the head of the State and Government along with their foreign ministers can meet at one place within few hours to discuss in detail their foreign relations, fourthly, in the light of a rapidly shifting international landscape, new forms of cooperation involving more actors (non-state actors) have become increasingly important like MNCs, confederations, alliances, international organisations etc.
After the Second World War the nature and context of international relations has changed in varied ways:
From EPS-07 Internation Relations – IGNOU